Logistics 4.0 and Supply Chain the integration of the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence in optimizing maritime container transport – a case study of the Port of Rotterdam

Abstract

This article analyzes how Logistics 4.0, supported by the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), is redefining container maritime transport management from a systemic supply chain perspective. Differing from approaches focused exclusively on port automation, this study emphasizes the role of the Port of Rotterdam as a smart logistics hub capable of coordinating physical, informational, and decision-making flows in real-time. Given this scenario, this study seeks to answer: how does the integration between the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence, within the context of Logistics 4.0, transform the Port of Rotterdam into a strategic node in the global maritime container transport supply chain? To answer this question, based on a bibliographical and documentary research methodology, this paper adopts the Port of Rotterdam as a case study due to its leadership position in logistics digitalization. The results indicate that the combined application of IoT and AI enhances operational predictability, reduces inefficiencies in the maritime logistics chain, and contributes to environmental sustainability, consolidating the port as a global benchmark in Logistics 4.0.